Nat Ecol Evol2026Article

年北美西部热浪的广泛生态响应及连锁反应

Widespread ecological responses and cascading effects of the 2021 western North American heatwave

Julia K. Baum · Margaret A. Slein · Josef C. Garen · Zihaohan Sang · Sandra Emry · Katie J. A. Goodwin · Courtney G. Collins · Jayme Lewthwaite · Michelle Tseng · Sean T. Michaletz · A. Cole Burton · Christopher D. G. Harley · Diane S. Srivastava · The 2021 Western North American Heat Dome Data Consortium · Paul K. Abram · Amy L. Angert · Erin Bayne · Lori D. Daniels · Sarah Dickson-Hoyle · Heather Earle · Michelle T. Franklin · Alyssa-Lois M. Gehman · Tazarve Gharajehdaghipour · Dexter Hodder · Lionel Leston · Alison McAfee · Matthew G. E. Mitchell · Ken A. Otter · Tamara Richardson · Jordan Rosenfeld · Gillian Sadlier-Brown · Pablo Sandoval-Acuña · Carolyn Shores · Samuel Starko · Jason Thiessen · Brian Timmer · Katie Tjaden-McClement · Sunny Tseng · Yonathan Uriel · Bert William

1. 信息

DOI10.1038/s41559-026-02987-6

期刊Nature Ecology & Evolution / Nat Ecol Evol

类型Article

发表2026-03-11 （online）

卷期页10(5): 864-879

收录2026-10-04

被浏览…

关键词heat waves thermal sensitivity refugia gross primary productivity river discharge snow and ice melt forest fires marine invertebrates

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2. 摘要

极端天气事件的发生频率和强度都在增加，但与渐进式气候变化相比，人们对其生态影响的了解仍然不足，这主要是由于研究这些不可预测、持续时间短的事件所面临的挑战。2021年北美西部的热浪是全球有记录以来最极端的热浪之一，但对其生态后果的全面评估却十分缺乏。本文综合了气象、生态、水文和野火数据，并结合基于过程的模型，量化了此次热浪及其对该地区的影响。我们对32种陆生和海洋生物类群的荟萃分析表明，超过75%的生物类群受到了负面影响，但不同物种的响应差异很大，从99%的下降到89%的上升不等。这种差异反映了生物体对热的敏感性、响应能力和暴露程度的不同，其中暴露程度取决于地理位置、微气候和避难所。与鸟类和哺乳动物相比，固着海洋无脊椎动物、藻类和植物受到的影响往往更大。在生态系统尺度上，总初级生产力的变化范围从较冷湿润地区增加30%到较暖干旱地区减少75%不等。在热浪期间，冰雪融化产生的径流量增加了40%，之后回落至平均水平以下；而野火活动在热浪期间激增37%，并在接下来的一周内飙升395%。我们的研究结果强调，迫切需要加强协调，以预测、监测和应对日益频繁的热浪。

3. 图表

4. 引用

Baum J K, Slein M A, Garen J C, et al. Widespread ecological responses and cascading effects of the 2021 western North American heatwave[J]. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2026, 10(5): 864-879. DOI: 10.1038/s41559-026-02987-6.

查看 BibTeX

@article{baum2026,
  author = {Julia K. Baum and Margaret A. Slein and Josef C. Garen and Zihaohan Sang and Sandra Emry and Katie J. A. Goodwin and Courtney G. Collins and Jayme Lewthwaite and Michelle Tseng and Sean T. Michaletz and A. Cole Burton and Christopher D. G. Harley and Diane S. Srivastava and The 2021 Western North American Heat Dome Data Consortium and Paul K. Abram and Amy L. Angert and Erin Bayne and Lori D. Daniels and Sarah Dickson-Hoyle and Heather Earle and Michelle T. Franklin and Alyssa-Lois M. Gehman and Tazarve Gharajehdaghipour and Dexter Hodder and Lionel Leston and Alison McAfee and Matthew G. E. Mitchell and Ken A. Otter and Tamara Richardson and Jordan Rosenfeld and Gillian Sadlier-Brown and Pablo Sandoval-Acuña and Carolyn Shores and Samuel Starko and Jason Thiessen and Brian Timmer and Katie Tjaden-McClement and Sunny Tseng and Yonathan Uriel and Bert William},
  title = {Widespread ecological responses and cascading effects of the 2021 western North American heatwave},
  journal = {Nature Ecology \& Evolution},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {10},
  number = {5},
  pages = {864-879},
  doi = {10.1038/s41559-026-02987-6},
  publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
}

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