Science2026Article

农药毒性日益增加的趋势抵消了全球减少农药使用量以保护生物多样性的目标

Increasing applied pesticide toxicity trends counteract the global reduction target to safeguard biodiversity

Jakob Wolfram · Dino Bussen · Sascha Bub · Lara L. Petschick · Larissa Z. Herrmann · Ralf Schulz

1. 信息

DOI10.1126/science.aea8602

期刊Science

类型Article

发表2026-02-05

卷期页391(6785): 616-621

收录2026-10-04

被浏览…

关键词pesticide toxicity pesticide risk reduction ecotoxicity organic farming biodiversity conservation

标签—

2. 摘要

第十五届联合国生物多样性大会（COP15）要求所有国家到2030年将农药风险降低50%。本研究基于625种农药（涵盖八个物种组）的生态毒性加权施用量，推导了2013年至2019 年间全球总施用毒性（TAT）的趋势，以评估实现这一减排目标的途径。研究发现，大多数物种组的 TAT 均有所增加；每个物种组仅 20±14 种农药就占全国 TAT 的 90%以上；水果、蔬菜、玉米、大豆、水稻和其他谷物占全球 TAT 的 76%至 83%；中国、巴西、美国和印度占全球 TAT 的 53%至 68%。我们的目标达成情况分类表明，要实现联合国的目标，全球需要采取实质性行动，包括转向使用低毒农药、推广有机农业以及提供国家农药使用数据。

原文摘要（English）

The 15th United Nations Biodiversity Conference (COP15) obligates all countries to reduce pesticide risks by 50% by 2030. In this study, we derived the trends of total applied toxicity (TAT) globally between 2013 and 2019, weighting applied masses by ecotoxicity, of 625 pesticides for eight species groups to assess pathways toward this reduction goal. We found that the TAT of most species groups has increased; that only 20 ± 14 pesticides per group define >90% of the TAT nationally; that fruits, vegetables, maize, soybean, rice, and other cereals contribute 76 to 83% of the global TAT; and that China, Brazil, the United States, and India contribute 53 to 68% of the global TAT. Our target achievement categorization shows that substantial actions, combining shifts to less-toxic pesticides, increased adoption of organic agriculture, and also provision of national pesticide use data, will be required globally to approach the United Nations’ target.

3. 图表

4. 引用

Wolfram J, Bussen D, Bub S, et al. Increasing applied pesticide toxicity trends counteract the global reduction target to safeguard biodiversity[J]. Science, 2026, 391(6785): 616-621. DOI: 10.1126/science.aea8602.

查看 BibTeX

@article{wolfram2026,
  author = {Jakob Wolfram and Dino Bussen and Sascha Bub and Lara L. Petschick and Larissa Z. Herrmann and Ralf Schulz},
  title = {Increasing applied pesticide toxicity trends counteract the global reduction target to safeguard biodiversity},
  journal = {Science},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {391},
  number = {6785},
  pages = {616-621},
  doi = {10.1126/science.aea8602},
  publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)},
}

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