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Nat Ecol Evol2026Article

随着全球变化,热带安第斯山脉和亚马逊森林的树木多样性正在发生变化

Tree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global change

B. Fadrique · F. Costa · F. Cuesta · G. Arellano · L. Cayuela · T. R. Baker · F. C. Draper · A. Esquivel-Muelbert · H. ter Steege · M. Bauters · J. Aguirre-Gutiérrez · Z. Aguirre-Mendoza · M. N. Alexiades · E. Alvarez-Davila · E. Arets · E. Ayala · C. G. A. Aymard · F. Baccaro · S. Báez · C. Baraloto · R. I. Barbosa · P. Barbosa Camargo · J. Barlow · P. E. Barni · J. Barroso · M. Benchimol · A. C. Bennett · E. Berenguer · L. Blanc · D. Bonal · F. Bongers · R. Brienen · F. Brown · M. BT Andrade · B. Burban · R. J. Burnham · J. L. Camargo · S. P. C. Carvalho · C. Castilho · J. Chave · F. Coelho de Souza · J. Comiskey · L. da Costa · R. B. de Lima · E. A. de Oliveira · R. L. C. de Oliveira · R. de Oliveira Perdiz · J. De Rutte · J. del Aguila-Pasquel · G. Derroire · A. Di Fiore · M. Disney · A. Duque · T. Emilio · W. Farfan-Rios · S. Fauset · P. M. Fearnside · K. J. Feeley · T. R. Feldpausch · J. Ferreira · L. Ferreira · G. R. Flores Llampazo · D. Galbraith · K. García-Cabrera · M. García Criado · E. Gloor · J. M. Grandez-Rios · B. Hérault · J. Homeier · E. N. Honorio Coronado · I. Huamantupa-Chuquimaco · W. Huaraca Huasco · Y. T. Huillca-Aedo · Á. Idárraga · O. Jadán-Maza · M. Kalamandeen · T. J. Killeen · S. G. W. Laurance · W. F. Laurance · A. Levesley · W. Lopez · M. J. Macía · W. E. Magnusson · Y. Malhi · A. G. Manzatto · B. S. Marimon · B. H. Marimon Junior · J. A. Martínez-Villa · M. B. Medeiros · K. Melgaço · L. Melo · T. Metzker · A. Monteagudo · P. S. Morandi · J. A. Myers · H. M. Nascimento · R. Nascimento · D. Neill · B. Nieto-Ariza · W. A. Palacios · S. Palacios-Ramos · N. C. Pallqui-Camacho · G. Pardo Molina · J. Peacock · M. A. Peña · R. T. Pennington · M. C. Peñuela · C. A. Peres · Á. J. Pérez · G. C. Pickavance · E. Pinto · J. Pipoly · N. Pitman · A. Prieto · H. Ramírez-Angulo · S. M. Reis · Z. Restrepo · C. Reynel · S. Ribeiro · G. Rivas-Torres · R. Rojas · A. Rudas · N. Salinas · R. P. Salomão · F. Santana · J. Schietti · G. Schwartz · J. Serrano · M. Silman · C. Silva · C. A. Silva · R. C. Silva · R. S. A. Silva · J. Silva-Espejo · M. Silveira · M. F. Simon · Y. C. Soto-Shareva · P. F. Souza · D. Storck-Tonon · J. Stropp · V. Swamy · J. S. Tello · J. Terborgh · R. Thomas · A. Torres-Lezama · J. D. Vale · L. Valenzuela Gamarra · G. van der Heijden · P. van der Hout · P. J. van der Meer · R. Vasquez Martinez · L. Vedovato · H. Verbeeck · I. Vieira · S. A. Vieira · E. Vilanova · B. Vinceti · V. A. Vos · R. Zagt · P. A. Zuidema · O. L. Phillips

1. 信息

DOI10.1038/s41559-025-02956-5

期刊Nature Ecology & Evolution / Nat Ecol Evol

类型Article

发表2026-01-23 (online)

卷期页10(2): 267-280

收录2026-10-03

被浏览…

关键词tree species richnesstropical forest diversityclimate changeAndean forestsAmazon rainforestlong-term forest dynamicsprecipitation seasonalityelevation gradientforest fragmentationspecies richness decline

标签—

2. 摘要

气候和大气变化正在影响全球森林的功能和结构,但它们对热带森林多样性的影响尚不明确。科学挑战最大的地区莫过于安第斯山脉和亚马逊地区,这两地共同拥有世界上最多样化的森林。在这里,我们利用406个永久地块,涵盖四十年的完整低地和山地森林动态,检验物种丰富度的长期变化,并评估气候及其他变量的影响。我们表明,在大陆尺度上,物种丰富度看似稳定,但这掩盖了显著的区域变异。北安第斯和西亚马逊地块的物种丰富度有所增加,而中安第斯、圭亚那地盾和中东亚马逊则有所下降。总体来看,温暖、干燥和季节性更强的森林物种减少,而高海拔、支离破碎且树木更替速度快的森林物种减少。地区特定的驱动因素,尤其是降水季节性和人口因素,调节了这些趋势。结果凸显了亚马逊-安第斯森林变化的多样方式,并强调了维护大规模生态系统完整性以维持本地树木多样性的关键必要性。通过这样做,北安第斯森林尤其可能成为气候变化日益驱逐物种的重要避难所。

原文摘要(English)

Climate and atmospheric changes are impacting forest function and structure worldwide, but their effects on tropical forest diversity are unclear. Nowhere is the scientific challenge greater than in the Andes and the Amazon, which together include the world’s most diverse forests. Here, using 406 permanent plots spanning four decades of intact lowland and montane forest dynamics, we test for long-term change in species richness and assess the influence of climate and other variables. We show that, at a continental scale, species richness appears stable, but this masks substantial regional variation. Species richness increased in Northern Andean and Western Amazon plots, yet declined in the Central Andes, Guyana Shield and Central-Eastern Amazon. Overall, warmer, drier and more seasonal forests lost species, while those at higher elevations, in less fragmented areas and with faster rates of tree turnover experienced increases. Region-specific drivers, particularly precipitation seasonality and demographic factors, modulated these trends. The results highlight the diverse ways in which Amazon–Andes forests are changing and underscore the critical need to preserve large-scale ecosystem integrity to maintain local tree diversity. By doing so, Northern Andean forests in particular could serve as an important refuge for species increasingly displaced by climate change.

3. 图表

文章图表 / 封面图

4. 引用

Fadrique B, Costa F, Cuesta F, et al. Tree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global change[J]. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2026, 10(2): 267-280. DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02956-5.
查看 BibTeX
@article{fadrique2026,
  author = {B. Fadrique and F. Costa and F. Cuesta and G. Arellano and L. Cayuela and T. R. Baker and F. C. Draper and A. Esquivel-Muelbert and H. ter Steege and M. Bauters and J. Aguirre-Gutiérrez and Z. Aguirre-Mendoza and M. N. Alexiades and E. Alvarez-Davila and E. Arets and E. Ayala and C. G. A. Aymard and F. Baccaro and S. Báez and C. Baraloto and R. I. Barbosa and P. Barbosa Camargo and J. Barlow and P. E. Barni and J. Barroso and M. Benchimol and A. C. Bennett and E. Berenguer and L. Blanc and D. Bonal and F. Bongers and R. Brienen and F. Brown and M. BT Andrade and B. Burban and R. J. Burnham and J. L. Camargo and S. P. C. Carvalho and C. Castilho and J. Chave and F. Coelho de Souza and J. Comiskey and L. da Costa and R. B. de Lima and E. A. de Oliveira and R. L. C. de Oliveira and R. de Oliveira Perdiz and J. De Rutte and J. del Aguila-Pasquel and G. Derroire and A. Di Fiore and M. Disney and A. Duque and T. Emilio and W. Farfan-Rios and S. Fauset and P. M. Fearnside and K. J. Feeley and T. R. Feldpausch and J. Ferreira and L. Ferreira and G. R. Flores Llampazo and D. Galbraith and K. García-Cabrera and M. García Criado and E. Gloor and J. M. Grandez-Rios and B. Hérault and J. Homeier and E. N. Honorio Coronado and I. Huamantupa-Chuquimaco and W. Huaraca Huasco and Y. T. Huillca-Aedo and Á. Idárraga and O. Jadán-Maza and M. Kalamandeen and T. J. Killeen and S. G. W. Laurance and W. F. Laurance and A. Levesley and W. Lopez and M. J. Macía and W. E. Magnusson and Y. Malhi and A. G. Manzatto and B. S. Marimon and B. H. Marimon Junior and J. A. Martínez-Villa and M. B. Medeiros and K. Melgaço and L. Melo and T. Metzker and A. Monteagudo and P. S. Morandi and J. A. Myers and H. M. Nascimento and R. Nascimento and D. Neill and B. Nieto-Ariza and W. A. Palacios and S. Palacios-Ramos and N. C. Pallqui-Camacho and G. Pardo Molina and J. Peacock and M. A. Peña and R. T. Pennington and M. C. Peñuela and C. A. Peres and Á. J. Pérez and G. C. Pickavance and E. Pinto and J. Pipoly and N. Pitman and A. Prieto and H. Ramírez-Angulo and S. M. Reis and Z. Restrepo and C. Reynel and S. Ribeiro and G. Rivas-Torres and R. Rojas and A. Rudas and N. Salinas and R. P. Salomão and F. Santana and J. Schietti and G. Schwartz and J. Serrano and M. Silman and C. Silva and C. A. Silva and R. C. Silva and R. S. A. Silva and J. Silva-Espejo and M. Silveira and M. F. Simon and Y. C. Soto-Shareva and P. F. Souza and D. Storck-Tonon and J. Stropp and V. Swamy and J. S. Tello and J. Terborgh and R. Thomas and A. Torres-Lezama and J. D. Vale and L. Valenzuela Gamarra and G. van der Heijden and P. van der Hout and P. J. van der Meer and R. Vasquez Martinez and L. Vedovato and H. Verbeeck and I. Vieira and S. A. Vieira and E. Vilanova and B. Vinceti and V. A. Vos and R. Zagt and P. A. Zuidema and O. L. Phillips},
  title = {Tree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global change},
  journal = {Nature Ecology \& Evolution},
  year = {2026},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {267-280},
  doi = {10.1038/s41559-025-02956-5},
  publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
}

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